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[[Image:BuddhaSmall.jpg|frame|'''Buddha Shakyamuni''']]
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[[Image:BuddhaSmall.jpg|frame|Buddha Shakyamuni]]
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'''Buddha Shakyamuni''' ([[Wyl.]] ''sangs rgyas shakya thub pa'') - the Indian prince Gautama Siddhartha, who reached [[enlightenment]] (and thus became a [[buddha]]) in the sixth century B.C., and who taught the spiritual path followed by millions all over the world, known today as Buddhism.
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'''Buddha Shakyamuni''' (Skt. ''Śākyamuni''; Tib. [[སངས་རྒྱས་ཤཱཀྱ་ཐུབ་པ་]], [[Wyl.]] ''sangs rgyas shAkya thub pa'') — the Indian prince Gautama Siddhartha, who reached [[enlightenment]] (and thus became a [[buddha]]) in the sixth century B.C., and who taught the spiritual path followed by millions all over the world, known today as Buddhism.
 +
 
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==Dates==
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Dates for the [[parinirvana]] according to:
 +
 
 +
*2420 B.C.E.    the Pandita Sureshamati
 +
*2150 B.C.E.    the rGya-bod-yig-tshang
 +
*2146 B.C.E.    Üpa Losal
 +
*2136 B.C.E.    [[Atisha]]
 +
*2133 B.C.E.    [[Sakya Pandita]]
 +
*949 B.C.E.      The [[Blue Annals]] refering to a Chinese tradition from Fo-lin and accepted by the Japanese schools: Jodo, Jodo-Shinshu and Nichirenshu
 +
*881 B.C.E.      Pakpa Lhundrup (followed by [[Butön]] and [[Dudjom Rinpoche]])
 +
*876 B.C.E.      Butön based on the [[Kalachakra]] tantra
 +
*835 B.C.E.      Jonangpa school scholars
 +
*750 B.C.E.      Tshalpa Kunga Dorje, based on the history of the Sandalwood Buddha
 +
*718 B.C.E.      [[Kamalashila]]
 +
*651 B.C.E.      Orgyenpa
 +
*544/543 B.C.E.  Shakyashri, last abbot of [[Vikramashila]]
 +
*544 B.C.E.      Theravadin tradition
 +
*489 B.C.E.      based on the reign of [[Ashoka]] being 218 years after the parinirvana
 +
*486 B.C.E.      "dotted record" which came to China through Samghabhadra
 +
*483 B.C.E.      some modern scholars (an adjustment to the "dotted record")
 +
*386/383 B.C.E.  modern Japanese scholars
 +
*371 B.C.E.      based on the reign of Ashoka being 100 years after the parinirvana
 +
 
 +
==Disciples==
 +
*[[:Category:Buddha Shakyamuni's Disciples|Buddha Shakyamuni's Disciples]]
 +
 
 +
==Epithets==
 +
There are many epithets for the Buddha. The ''[[Amarakosha]]'' lists them as follows:
 +
 
 +
:Omniscient One, Gone to Bliss (Skt. ''[[Sugata]]''), Awakened One, King of Dharma, Thus Gone One (Skt. ''[[Tathāgata]]''),
 +
:Always Good, Blessed Lord (Skt. ''[[Bhagavan]]''), Victor over [[Māra]], Victor of the World, Victorious One,
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:Possessor of Six Super-Knowledges, Possessor of [[ten strengths|Ten Strengths]], Speaker of Non-Duality, Remover of Obstacles,
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:King of Sages, Full of Glory, Teacher, The Sage, Sage of the Śākyas,
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:Lion of the Śākyas, Accomplisher of All Aims, Son of [[Śuddhodana]],
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:Gautama, Kinsman of the Sun, Son of [[Māyādevī]].<ref>The Sanskrit is as follows:
 +
:sarvajñaḥ sugato buddho dharmarājastathāgataḥ
 +
:samantabhadro bhagavān mārajillokajijjinaḥ
 +
:ṣaḍabhijño daśabalo 'dvayavādī vināyakaḥ
 +
:munīndraḥ shrīghanaḥ shāstā muniḥ śākyamunistu yaḥ
 +
:saḥ śākyasiṃhaḥ sarvārthasiddhaḥ śauddhodaniśca saḥ
 +
:gautamaścārkabandhuśca māyādevīsutaśca saḥ
 +
And the Tibetan translation:
 +
:བདེ་གཤེགས་སངས་རྒྱས་ཐམས་ཅད་མཁྱེན། ། ཆོས་ཀྱི་རྒྱལ་པོ་དེ་བཞིན་གཤེགས ། །
 +
:ཀུན་ཏུ་བཟང་པོ་བཅོམ་ལྡན་འདས། །བདུད་འདུལ་འཇིག་རྟེན་རྒྱལ་བ་པོ། །
 +
:མངོན་ཤེས་དྲུག་ལྡན་སྟོབས་བཅུ་པ། །གཉིས་མེད་གསུངས་རྔུ་དང་རྣམ་པར་འདྲེན། །
 +
:ཐུབ་པའི་དབང་པོ་དཔལ་སྟུག་དང་། །སྟོན་པ་ཐུབ་པ་ཉིད་རྣམས་སོ། །
 +
:ཤཱཀ་ཐུབ་ཤཱཀྱའི་སེང་གེ་དང་། །དོན་རྣམས་གྲུབ་པ་ཟས་གཙང་སྲས། །
 +
:གོ་ཏ་མ་དང་ཉི་མའི་གཉེན། །ལྷ་མོ་སྒྱུ་འཕྲུལ་སྲས་རྣམས་སོ།</ref>
 +
 
 +
==Traditional Biographical Sources==
 +
*''[[Lalitavistara Sutra]]''
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*''[[Buddhacharita]]'' by [[Ashvaghosha]]
 +
 
 +
==Further Reading==
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*[[Dzongsar Jamyang Khyentse]], ''What Makes You Not a Buddhist'' (Boston & London: Shambhala, 2007)
 +
*Sir Edwin Arnold, ''The Light of Asia''
 +
*[[Thich Nhat Hanh]], ''Old Path White Clouds'' (Berkeley: Parallax Press, 1991)
 +
*[[Tulku Thondup]], ''Masters of Meditation and Miracles'', edited by Harold Talbott (Boston: Shambhala, 1999), 'Shākyamuni Buddha'.
 +
 
 +
==Oral Teachings Given to the [[About Rigpa|Rigpa]] Sangha==
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*[[Dzogchen Rinpoche]], ''Buddha’s Life and Path of Liberation'', [[Lerab Ling]], 6-7 June 1998
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*[[Dzogchen Ponlop Rinpoche]], [[Lerab Ling]], 9 September 2011
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*[[Dominique Side]], Melbourne, Australia, 21-22 October 2017
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*[[Philippe Cornu]], [[Rigpa centre, Levallois]], 4 November 2019
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*[[Ringu Tulku Rinpoche]], Sikkim, India, June/July 2020: ''The Life of the Buddha: Heart Lessons'', available as video on demand [https://billetweb.fr/the-life-of-the-buddha here]
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==Notes==
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<small><references/></small>
  
 
==Internal Links==
 
==Internal Links==
 +
*[[Mantra of Buddha Shakyamuni]]
 
*[[Twelve deeds]]
 
*[[Twelve deeds]]
 
*[[Two images of Buddha Shakyamuni]]
 
*[[Two images of Buddha Shakyamuni]]
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*[[Quotations: Sutras]], a collection of quotations from different sutras.
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==External Links==
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*{{LH|topics/buddha-prayers/|''Buddha Śākyamuni Prayers & Practices'' on Lotsawa House}}
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*[http://www.himalayanart.org/pages/shakyamuni/index.html Shakyamuni Buddha Outline page at Himalayan Art]
 +
*[http://www.berzinarchives.com/web/en/archives/approaching_buddhism/teachers/lineage_masters/who_was_shakyamuni_buddha/transcript.html 'Who Was Shakyamuni Buddha?' by Alexander Berzin]
 +
*[http://www.berzinarchives.com/web/en/archives/approaching_buddhism/teachers/lineage_masters/life_buddha_pali_canon.html 'The Life of the Buddha As Pieced Together from the Pali Canon' by Alexander Berzin]
  
 
[[Category:Buddhas and Deities]]
 
[[Category:Buddhas and Deities]]
 
[[Category:Historical Figures]]
 
[[Category:Historical Figures]]
 +
[[Category:Buddha Shakyamuni]]

Latest revision as of 13:07, 24 July 2020

Buddha Shakyamuni

Buddha Shakyamuni (Skt. Śākyamuni; Tib. སངས་རྒྱས་ཤཱཀྱ་ཐུབ་པ་, Wyl. sangs rgyas shAkya thub pa) — the Indian prince Gautama Siddhartha, who reached enlightenment (and thus became a buddha) in the sixth century B.C., and who taught the spiritual path followed by millions all over the world, known today as Buddhism.

Dates

Dates for the parinirvana according to:

  • 2420 B.C.E. the Pandita Sureshamati
  • 2150 B.C.E. the rGya-bod-yig-tshang
  • 2146 B.C.E. Üpa Losal
  • 2136 B.C.E. Atisha
  • 2133 B.C.E. Sakya Pandita
  • 949 B.C.E. The Blue Annals refering to a Chinese tradition from Fo-lin and accepted by the Japanese schools: Jodo, Jodo-Shinshu and Nichirenshu
  • 881 B.C.E. Pakpa Lhundrup (followed by Butön and Dudjom Rinpoche)
  • 876 B.C.E. Butön based on the Kalachakra tantra
  • 835 B.C.E. Jonangpa school scholars
  • 750 B.C.E. Tshalpa Kunga Dorje, based on the history of the Sandalwood Buddha
  • 718 B.C.E. Kamalashila
  • 651 B.C.E. Orgyenpa
  • 544/543 B.C.E. Shakyashri, last abbot of Vikramashila
  • 544 B.C.E. Theravadin tradition
  • 489 B.C.E. based on the reign of Ashoka being 218 years after the parinirvana
  • 486 B.C.E. "dotted record" which came to China through Samghabhadra
  • 483 B.C.E. some modern scholars (an adjustment to the "dotted record")
  • 386/383 B.C.E. modern Japanese scholars
  • 371 B.C.E. based on the reign of Ashoka being 100 years after the parinirvana

Disciples

Epithets

There are many epithets for the Buddha. The Amarakosha lists them as follows:

Omniscient One, Gone to Bliss (Skt. Sugata), Awakened One, King of Dharma, Thus Gone One (Skt. Tathāgata),
Always Good, Blessed Lord (Skt. Bhagavan), Victor over Māra, Victor of the World, Victorious One,
Possessor of Six Super-Knowledges, Possessor of Ten Strengths, Speaker of Non-Duality, Remover of Obstacles,
King of Sages, Full of Glory, Teacher, The Sage, Sage of the Śākyas,
Lion of the Śākyas, Accomplisher of All Aims, Son of Śuddhodana,
Gautama, Kinsman of the Sun, Son of Māyādevī.[1]

Traditional Biographical Sources

Further Reading

  • Dzongsar Jamyang Khyentse, What Makes You Not a Buddhist (Boston & London: Shambhala, 2007)
  • Sir Edwin Arnold, The Light of Asia
  • Thich Nhat Hanh, Old Path White Clouds (Berkeley: Parallax Press, 1991)
  • Tulku Thondup, Masters of Meditation and Miracles, edited by Harold Talbott (Boston: Shambhala, 1999), 'Shākyamuni Buddha'.

Oral Teachings Given to the Rigpa Sangha

Notes

  1. ↑ The Sanskrit is as follows:
    sarvajñaḥ sugato buddho dharmarājastathāgataḥ
    samantabhadro bhagavān mārajillokajijjinaḥ
    ṣaḍabhijño daśabalo 'dvayavādī vināyakaḥ
    munīndraḥ shrīghanaḥ shāstā muniḥ śākyamunistu yaḥ
    saḥ śākyasiṃhaḥ sarvārthasiddhaḥ śauddhodaniśca saḥ
    gautamaścārkabandhuśca māyādevīsutaśca saḥ
    And the Tibetan translation:
    བདེ་གཤེགས་སངས་རྒྱས་ཐམས་ཅད་མཁྱེན། ། ཆོས་ཀྱི་རྒྱལ་པོ་དེ་བཞིན་གཤེགས ། །
    ཀུན་ཏུ་བཟང་པོ་བཅོམ་ལྡན་འདས། །བདུད་འདུལ་འཇིག་རྟེན་རྒྱལ་བ་པོ། །
    མངོན་ཤེས་དྲུག་ལྡན་སྟོབས་བཅུ་པ། །གཉིས་མེད་གསུངས་རྔུ་དང་རྣམ་པར་འདྲེན། །
    ཐུབ་པའི་དབང་པོ་དཔལ་སྟུག་དང་། །སྟོན་པ་ཐུབ་པ་ཉིད་རྣམས་སོ། །
    ཤཱཀ་ཐུབ་ཤཱཀྱའི་སེང་གེ་དང་། །དོན་རྣམས་གྲུབ་པ་ཟས་གཙང་སྲས། །
    གོ་ཏ་མ་དང་ཉི་མའི་གཉེན། །ལྷ་མོ་སྒྱུ་འཕྲུལ་སྲས་རྣམས་སོ།

Internal Links

External Links

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