Four modes: Difference between revisions
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'''Four modes''' (Skt. ''caturvidha''; [[Wyl.]] ''tshul bzhi'') are: | '''Four modes''' (Skt. ''caturvidha''; [[Wyl.]] ''tshul bzhi'') are: | ||
#literal | #literal (or phonemic) (''tshig gi tshul'') | ||
#general | #general (''spyi'i tshul'') | ||
#hidden | #hidden (''sbas pa'i tshul'') | ||
#ultimate | #ultimate (''mthar thug gi tshul'') | ||
==Further Reading== | ==Further Reading== | ||
*Robert Thurman. 'Vajra Hermeneutics' in Donald S. Lopez (ed.), ''Buddhist Hermeneutics''. Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass, 1993 | |||
*Appendix 1. The Six Limits & Four Modes pp.161-166 in ''The Light of Wisdom Volume 1''. Root text by [[Padmasambhava]] and commentary by [[Jamgön Kongtrül]] the Great. Published by Shambhala Publications ISBN 0-87773-566-2 | *Appendix 1. The Six Limits & Four Modes pp.161-166 in ''The Light of Wisdom Volume 1''. Root text by [[Padmasambhava]] and commentary by [[Jamgön Kongtrül]] the Great. Published by Shambhala Publications ISBN 0-87773-566-2 | ||
==Internal Links== | ==Internal Links== | ||
[[Lamrim Yeshe Nyingpo]] | *[[Lamrim Yeshe Nyingpo]] | ||
*[[Six limits]] | |||
[[Six limits]] | |||
[[Category:Hermeneutics]] | [[Category:Hermeneutics]] | ||
[[Category:Enumerations]] | [[Category:Enumerations]] | ||
[[Category:04-Four]] | [[Category:04-Four]] | ||
Revision as of 07:45, 17 July 2011
Four modes (Skt. caturvidha; Wyl. tshul bzhi) are:
- literal (or phonemic) (tshig gi tshul)
- general (spyi'i tshul)
- hidden (sbas pa'i tshul)
- ultimate (mthar thug gi tshul)
Further Reading
- Robert Thurman. 'Vajra Hermeneutics' in Donald S. Lopez (ed.), Buddhist Hermeneutics. Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass, 1993
- Appendix 1. The Six Limits & Four Modes pp.161-166 in The Light of Wisdom Volume 1. Root text by Padmasambhava and commentary by Jamgön Kongtrül the Great. Published by Shambhala Publications ISBN 0-87773-566-2