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'''Nine Yanas''' ([[Wyl.]] ''theg pa dgu'') or '''nine successive vehicles''' (Wyl. ''theg pa rim pa dgu'') — within the [[Nyingma]] tradition, the full spectrum of spiritual paths is divided into nine [[yana]]s, a system of practice bringing together all the approaches of the Buddha’s teaching into a single comprehensive [[path]] to [[enlightenment]].  
'''Nine Yanas''' (Tib. ཐེག་པ་དགུ, ''tekpa gu'', [[Wyl.]] ''theg pa dgu'') or '''nine successive vehicles''' (Tib. ཐེག་པ་རིམ་པ་དགུ་, ''tekpa rimpa gu'', Wyl. ''theg pa rim pa dgu'') — within the [[Nyingma]] tradition, the full spectrum of spiritual paths is divided into nine [[yana]]s, a system of practice bringing together all the approaches of the Buddha’s teaching into a single comprehensive [[path]] to [[enlightenment]].  




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| colspan="9" align="center"|'''The Nine Yanas'''
| colspan="9" align="center"|'''The Nine Yanas'''
|-
|-
|colspan="3" align="center"|the [[three outer yanas leading from the origin]],<br/>i.e. the three yanas related to the outer vehicle of leading from the origin [of suffering] and the [[three pitakas]] of characteristics
|colspan="3" align="center"|[[sutrayana]]
|colspan="3" align="center"|the [[three yanas of vedic asceticism]],<br/>i.e. the three yanas related to the inner vehicle of Vedic asceticism and the [[three outer classes of tantra]]
|colspan="6" align="center"|[[tantrayana]]
|colspan="3" align="center"|the [[three yanas of powerful transformative methods]],<br/>i.e. the three yanas related to the secret vehicle of powerful transformative methods and the [[three inner classes of tantra]]
|-
|colspan="3" align="center"|the [[three outer yanas leading from the origin]],<br/>i.e. the three yanas related to the '''outer''' vehicle of leading from the origin [of suffering] and the [[three pitakas]] of characteristics
|colspan="3" align="center"|the [[three yanas of vedic asceticism]],<br/>i.e. the three yanas related to the '''inner''' vehicle of Vedic asceticism and the [[three outer classes of tantra]]
|colspan="3" align="center"|the [[three yanas of powerful transformative methods]],<br/>i.e. the three yanas related to the '''secret''' vehicle of powerful transformative methods and the [[three inner tantras|three inner classes of tantra]]
|-
|-
|colspan="2" align="center"|[[basic vehicle]]
|colspan="2" align="center"|[[basic vehicle]]
|colspan="1" align="center"|[[mahayana]]
|colspan="1" align="center"|[[mahayana]]
|colspan="6" align="center"|[[vajrayana]]
|colspan="6" align="center"|[[vajrayana]]<ref>The vajrayana is not a separate vehicle from mahayana, but actually belongs within mahayana as a distinctive vehicle of [[skilful means]].</ref>
|-
|-
|align="center"|1. <br/>the [[shravaka yana]]
|colspan="3" align="center"|path of renunciation<ref>This division into four paths is mentioned in ''The Nine Yanas, from Dzogchen & Padmasambhava'', page 23.</ref>
|align="center"|2. <br/>the [[pratyekabuddha yana]]
|colspan="2" align="center"|path of purification
|align="center"|3. <br/>the [[bodhisattva yana]]
|colspan="3" align="center"|path of transformation
|align="center"|4. <br/>the yana of [[kriya tantra]]  
|colspan="1" align="center"|path of self-liberation<ref>Wyl. ''rang grol lam.</ref>
|align="center"|5. <br/>the yana of [[charya tantra]]
|-
|align="center"|6. <br/>the yana of [[yoga tantra]]
|align="center"|1. <br/>the [[shravaka yana]] <br/> [[ཉན་ཐོས་ཀྱི་ཐེག་པ་]]
|align="center"|7. <br/>the yana of [[mahayoga]]
|align="center"|2. <br/>the [[pratyekabuddha yana]] <br/> [[རང་རྒྱལ་གྱི་ཐེག་པ་]]
|align="center"|8. <br/>the yana of [[anuyoga]]
|align="center"|3. <br/>the [[bodhisattva yana]] <br/> [[བྱང་ཆུབ་སེམས་དཔའི་ཐེག་པ་]]
|align="center"|9. <br/>the yana of [[atiyoga]]
|align="center"|4. <br/>the yana of [[kriya tantra]]  <br/> [[བྱ་རྒྱུད་ཀྱི་ཐེག་པ་]]
|align="center"|5. <br/>the yana of [[charya tantra]] <br/> [[སྤྱོད་རྒྱུད་ཀྱི་ཐེག་པ་]]
|align="center"|6. <br/>the yana of [[yoga tantra]] <br/> [[རྣལ་འབྱོར་རྒྱུད་ཀྱི་ཐེག་པ་]]
|align="center"|7. <br/>the yana of [[mahayoga]] <br/> [[རྣལ་འབྱོར་ཆེན་པོའི་ཐེག་པ་]]
|align="center"|8. <br/>the yana of [[anuyoga]] <br/> [[རྗེས་སུ་རྣལ་འབྱོར་གྱི་ཐེག་པ་]]
|align="center"|9. <br/>the yana of [[atiyoga]] <br/> [[ཤིན་ཏུ་རྣལ་འབྱོར་གྱི་ཐེག་པ་]]
|-
|-
|}
|}




==Commentary==
==Origin==
 
The nine yanas are referred to in the ''[[Kulayaraja Tantra]]'' (''Kunje Gyalpo'') and in the ''[[Düpa Do|General Sutra of the Gathering of All Intentions]]'' (''Düpa Do''), which is the central scripture of [[Anuyoga]].
[[Alak Zenkar Rinpoche]] writes:


:The classification of 'nine successive yanas,' which is found in the Nyingma Early Translation tradition, is made up of:
==Subdivision According to the [[three kayas|Three Kayas]]<ref>Based on [[Jokyab Rinpoche]], in [[Padmasambhava]] & [[Jamgön Kongtrul]], ''The Light of Wisdom, Vol. 1'' (Hong Kong: Rangjung Yeshe, 1999), page 247-8.</ref>==
*[[Dharmakaya]] teachings refer to the teachings of Atiyoga
*[[Sambhogakaya]] teachings refer to the teachings of the three outer yanas, as well as Mahayoga and Anuyoga
*[[Nirmanakaya]] teachings refer to the teachings of the three causal vehicles


*[[three yanas leading from the origin|three outer vehicles leading from the origin]] [of suffering] and the three pitakas of characteristics,
==Notes & References==
*[[three yanas of vedic asceticism|three inner vehicles of vedic asceticism]] and the [[three outer classes of tantra]], and
<small><references/></small>
*[[three yanas of powerful transformative methods|three secret vehicles of powerful transformative methods]] and the [[Inner tantras|three inner classes of tantra]].


==External Link==
==Teachings Given to the [[About Rigpa|Rigpa]] Sangha==
*[http://www.lotsawahouse.org/nine_yanas.html A Brief Presentation of the Nine Yanas by Alak Zenkar Rinpoche]
*[[Namkhai Norbu Rinpoche]], [[Lerab Ling]], 17 September 2011


==Further Reading==
==Further Reading==
*[[Sogyal Rinpoche]], ''The Nine Yanas'', from ''Dzogchen & Padmasambhava'', republished by [[Zam]] in 2004.
*[[Chögyam Trungpa]], ''The Lion's Roar: An Introduction to Tantra'', The Collected Works of Chögyam Trungpa, Volume Four (Boston & London: Shambhala, 2003).  
*[[Dzogchen Ponlop]], ''Wild Awakening'' (Boston & London: Shambhala, 2003), 'Part 3: The Dzogchen Journey'.
*[[Dzogchen Ponlop]], ''Wild Awakening'' (Boston & London: Shambhala, 2003), 'Part 3: The Dzogchen Journey'.
*[[Sogyal Rinpoche]], ''[[Dzogchen & Padmasambhava]]'', Rigpa Fellowship, 1989.
*Ron Garry, ''Wisdom Nectar: Dudjom Rinpoche's Heart Advice'' (Ithaca: Snow Lion, 2005), 'Appendix 1: An Explanation of the Nine Vehicles'.
*[[Tulku Thondup]], ''The Dzogchen Innermost Essence Preliminary Practice'', LTWA, 1982, 'Part Three, The Nine Yanas'.
*S.G. Karmay, ''Origin and Early Development of the Tibetan Religious Traditions of the Great Perfection''
*[[Jamgön Kongtrul]], ''The Treasury of Knowledge, Book Six, Part Four: Systems of Buddhist Tantra'', translated by Elio Guarisco and Ingrid McLeod (Ithaca: Snow Lion, 2005), pages 306-347.
*[[Sogyal Rinpoche]],  
**''The Nine Yanas'', from ''Dzogchen & Padmasambhava'', republished in 2004. [http://www.zamstore.com/index.php?main_page=product_info&products_id=13266 Available here]
**''[[Dzogchen & Padmasambhava]]'', Rigpa Fellowship, 1989, pages 53-71.
*[[Thinley Norbu]], ''The Small Golden Key'' (Shambhala Publications, 1999), ‘5. The Differences Between the Buddha's Hinayana, Mahayana and Vajrayana Teachings'.
*[[Tulku Thondup]],
**''Masters of Meditation and Miracles'', edited by Harold Talbott (Boston: Shambhala, 1999), pages 16-20.
**''The Dzogchen Innermost Essence Preliminary Practice'', LTWA, 1982, 'Part Three, The Nine Yanas'.
 
==External Link==
*{{LH|tibetan-masters/alak-zenkar/nine-yanas|''A Brief Presentation of the Nine Yanas''}} by [[Alak Zenkar Rinpoche]]


[[Category:Key Terms]]
[[Category:Key Terms]]
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[[Category:Nine Yanas]]
[[Category:Nine Yanas]]
[[Category:Enumerations]]
[[Category:Enumerations]]
[[Category:9-Nine]]
[[Category:09-Nine]]

Revision as of 09:04, 21 November 2018

Nine Yanas (Tib. ཐེག་པ་དགུ, tekpa gu, Wyl. theg pa dgu) or nine successive vehicles (Tib. ཐེག་པ་རིམ་པ་དགུ་, tekpa rimpa gu, Wyl. theg pa rim pa dgu) — within the Nyingma tradition, the full spectrum of spiritual paths is divided into nine yanas, a system of practice bringing together all the approaches of the Buddha’s teaching into a single comprehensive path to enlightenment.


The Nine Yanas
sutrayana tantrayana
the three outer yanas leading from the origin,
i.e. the three yanas related to the outer vehicle of leading from the origin [of suffering] and the three pitakas of characteristics
the three yanas of vedic asceticism,
i.e. the three yanas related to the inner vehicle of Vedic asceticism and the three outer classes of tantra
the three yanas of powerful transformative methods,
i.e. the three yanas related to the secret vehicle of powerful transformative methods and the three inner classes of tantra
basic vehicle mahayana vajrayana[1]
path of renunciation[2] path of purification path of transformation path of self-liberation[3]
1.
the shravaka yana
ཉན་ཐོས་ཀྱི་ཐེག་པ་
2.
the pratyekabuddha yana
རང་རྒྱལ་གྱི་ཐེག་པ་
3.
the bodhisattva yana
བྱང་ཆུབ་སེམས་དཔའི་ཐེག་པ་
4.
the yana of kriya tantra
བྱ་རྒྱུད་ཀྱི་ཐེག་པ་
5.
the yana of charya tantra
སྤྱོད་རྒྱུད་ཀྱི་ཐེག་པ་
6.
the yana of yoga tantra
རྣལ་འབྱོར་རྒྱུད་ཀྱི་ཐེག་པ་
7.
the yana of mahayoga
རྣལ་འབྱོར་ཆེན་པོའི་ཐེག་པ་
8.
the yana of anuyoga
རྗེས་སུ་རྣལ་འབྱོར་གྱི་ཐེག་པ་
9.
the yana of atiyoga
ཤིན་ཏུ་རྣལ་འབྱོར་གྱི་ཐེག་པ་


Origin

The nine yanas are referred to in the Kulayaraja Tantra (Kunje Gyalpo) and in the General Sutra of the Gathering of All Intentions (Düpa Do), which is the central scripture of Anuyoga.

Subdivision According to the Three Kayas[4]

  • Dharmakaya teachings refer to the teachings of Atiyoga
  • Sambhogakaya teachings refer to the teachings of the three outer yanas, as well as Mahayoga and Anuyoga
  • Nirmanakaya teachings refer to the teachings of the three causal vehicles

Notes & References

  1. The vajrayana is not a separate vehicle from mahayana, but actually belongs within mahayana as a distinctive vehicle of skilful means.
  2. This division into four paths is mentioned in The Nine Yanas, from Dzogchen & Padmasambhava, page 23.
  3. Wyl. rang grol lam.
  4. Based on Jokyab Rinpoche, in Padmasambhava & Jamgön Kongtrul, The Light of Wisdom, Vol. 1 (Hong Kong: Rangjung Yeshe, 1999), page 247-8.

Teachings Given to the Rigpa Sangha

Further Reading

  • Chögyam Trungpa, The Lion's Roar: An Introduction to Tantra, The Collected Works of Chögyam Trungpa, Volume Four (Boston & London: Shambhala, 2003).
  • Dzogchen Ponlop, Wild Awakening (Boston & London: Shambhala, 2003), 'Part 3: The Dzogchen Journey'.
  • Ron Garry, Wisdom Nectar: Dudjom Rinpoche's Heart Advice (Ithaca: Snow Lion, 2005), 'Appendix 1: An Explanation of the Nine Vehicles'.
  • S.G. Karmay, Origin and Early Development of the Tibetan Religious Traditions of the Great Perfection
  • Jamgön Kongtrul, The Treasury of Knowledge, Book Six, Part Four: Systems of Buddhist Tantra, translated by Elio Guarisco and Ingrid McLeod (Ithaca: Snow Lion, 2005), pages 306-347.
  • Sogyal Rinpoche,
  • Thinley Norbu, The Small Golden Key (Shambhala Publications, 1999), ‘5. The Differences Between the Buddha's Hinayana, Mahayana and Vajrayana Teachings'.
  • Tulku Thondup,
    • Masters of Meditation and Miracles, edited by Harold Talbott (Boston: Shambhala, 1999), pages 16-20.
    • The Dzogchen Innermost Essence Preliminary Practice, LTWA, 1982, 'Part Three, The Nine Yanas'.

External Link