Tibetan Grammar - First case 'ming tsam' - just the name
WORK IN PROGRESS: the grammar articles are being edited for wiki publication. During editing, the content might be incomplete, out of sequence or even misleading.
| Articles on Tibetan Grammar |
| 1. Introduction |
| 2. Formation of the Tibetan Syllable |
| 3. Formation of the Tibetan Word |
| 4. First case: ming tsam |
| 5. agentive particle |
| 6. Connective Particle |
| 7. La don particles |
| 8. La don particles—Notes |
| 9. Originative case |
| 10. Verbs |
| 11. Verbs—Notes |
| 12. Syntactic particles |
by Stefan J. E.
First Case, མིང་ཙམ་, just the name
 |
This section contains Tibetan script. Without proper Tibetan rendering support configured, you may see other symbols instead of Tibetan script. |
Also called: nominative case, "no particle", accusative case, patient role particle "-Ø". This case does not add any particle to the word or changes it any way.
Independent of verb type
Topic
Enumeration, section heading, title
| དང་པོ། |
| first |
| firstly |
Proleptic
- Proleptic: anticipatory
| བྲམ་ཟེ་དབུལ་པོ་དེ་ནི་ཁྱིམ་བདག་གིས་དེ་ལ་བཟའ་དང་བགོ་བ་བྱིན། |
| Brahmin poor householder food cloths gave |
| (Regarding) that poor Brahmin, the householder gave food and cloth to that (one). The householder gave food and cloth to that poor Brahmin. |
Temporal nominative
- Temporal nominative can also be viewed as a very frequently omitted locative (la don) of time.
| དེར་བསྡད་དུས་ same as: དེར་བསྡད་དུས་སུ་ |
| there stayed time there stayed time la don |
| at the time of staying there |
| དེའི་ཚེ་ same as: དེའི་ཚེ་ན་ |
| that time that time la don |
| at that (point in) time |
In compound words
- Note: See also "Formation of the Tibetan Words - compounded nouns".
Adjective/verb - adjective/verb
| ||||||||||||
| དགའ་སྤྲོ་ |
| happy joyful |
| happy |
- from: དགའ་བ་ adjective, noun, verb:
joyful, happy; joy; to be happy, glad, pleased, to take joy in
| ||||||||||||
| སྤྲོ་བ་ |
| joyful |
| to be joyful, to enjoy |
| བོད་སྐད་ |
| Tibet language |
| Tibetan language |
Noun - adjective
| A noun-adjective combination becomes either just a noun with an adjective (see: " adjectives") or a new word. |
| གཏིང་ཟབ་ |
| bottom, depth deep |
| very deep; profound |
| རྒྱ་ཆེ་ |
| extent big |
| vast, extensive |
Apposition
| སངས་རྒྱས། ཀུན་མཁྱེན། རྐང་གཉིས་གཙོ་བོ། སྐུ་གསུམ་པ། མཁྱེན་ལྔ་པ། འགྲོ་བའི་བླ་མ། རྒྱལ་བ། བཅོམ་ལྡན་འདས། |
| Buddha all knowing foot two main kaya three knowledge five being highest victorious Bhagavan |
| The Buddha, the Omniscient One, Chief of Humans (bipeds), Victorious One, [Possessor of] the Three Kayas, the One with the Five Knowledges, Lord of Beings, Victorious One, Bhagavan[...] |
Nouns in a list - nominalized clauses in a list
[...[