Three modes
The three modes (Skt. trairūpya; Tib. ཚུལ་གསུམ་; tsul sum, Wyl. tshul gsum) of a logical argument are as follows:
- the reason must be a feature of the subject (pakṣadharma; ཕྱོགས་ཆོས་, phyogs chos)
- there must be positive logical pervasion (or positive concomitance or entailment) (anvayavyāpti; རྗེས་ཁྱབ་, rjes khyab)
- there must be negative logical pervasion (or negative concomitance) (vyatirekavyāpti; ལྡོག་ཁྱབ་, ldog khyab)
Alternative Translations
- Threefold criteria